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<channel>
	<title>Alex McManus</title>
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	<link>http://alexmcmanus.org</link>
	<description>On a Quest Into the Mystic...</description>
	<pubDate>Sat, 03 Jul 2010 16:24:07 +0000</pubDate>
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		<title>What&#8217;s comes after the Laptop?</title>
		<link>http://alexmcmanus.org/2010/07/03/whats-comes-after-the-laptop/</link>
		<comments>http://alexmcmanus.org/2010/07/03/whats-comes-after-the-laptop/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 03 Jul 2010 15:11:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alex McManus</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[The future]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[technology]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://alexmcmanus.org/?p=1045</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[

<p>I&#8217;m thinking about what&#8217;s after the laptop, after the ipad, after the iphone. The video below is a pico projector &#8212; a tiny LCD projector that is already available in South Korea and China and will be become widely available soon.  But what next? Perhaps eyeglasses that let you see your computer screen and [...]]]></description>
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<p>I&#8217;m thinking about what&#8217;s after the laptop, after the ipad, after the iphone. The video below is a pico projector &#8212; a tiny LCD projector that is already available in South Korea and China and will be become widely available soon.  But what next? Perhaps eyeglasses that let you see your computer screen and keyboard semi-transparently superimposed over the world around you?</p>
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&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>The Human Event - Michigan</title>
		<link>http://alexmcmanus.org/2010/06/28/the-human-event-michigan/</link>
		<comments>http://alexmcmanus.org/2010/06/28/the-human-event-michigan/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Jun 2010 02:18:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alex McManus</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Church Planting]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Featured]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA["missional leadership"]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[church plant]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[organic church]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[organic leadership]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://alexmcmanus.org/?p=1034</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[

<p>
Join us at Kensington Community Church (Troy, Michigan) on October 13-14 for a 2-day conversation on the future of the church in the post-Christian and Trans-human 21st century west.</p>
<p>Neil Cole (Organic Church)
Alex McManus (M Network)</p>
<p>and You.</p>
<p>Who is the Human Event for? Forward thinking, missional activists, thinkers, and leaders. If you think that may be you, [...]]]></description>
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<p><img src="http://alexmcmanus.org/v2/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/h21-300x300.jpg" alt="h21-300x300" title="h21-300x300" width="300" height="300" class="alignright size-full wp-image-1042" /><br />
Join us at Kensington Community Church (Troy, Michigan) on October 13-14 for a 2-day conversation on the future of the church in the post-Christian and Trans-human 21st century west.</p>
<p>Neil Cole (Organic Church)<br />
Alex McManus (M Network)</p>
<p>and You.</p>
<p>Who is the Human Event for? Forward thinking, missional activists, thinkers, and leaders. If you think that may be you, it&#8217;s you.</p>
<p>What Now? Click on one of the links below.</p>
<p><a href="http://theimn.com/link/detroit/">REGISTER Immediately and Save</a><br />
<a href="http://fight4humanity.com">The Fancy Website for more info</a></p>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>And Man Made Life</title>
		<link>http://alexmcmanus.org/2010/06/01/and-man-made-life/</link>
		<comments>http://alexmcmanus.org/2010/06/01/and-man-made-life/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 01 Jun 2010 12:45:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alex McManus</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Culture]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Featured]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Our World]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[The future]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA["And Man Made Life"]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA["biotech and theology"]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA["The Economist"]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Cloning]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Splice]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://alexmcmanus.org/?p=1017</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[

<p><strong>And Man Made Life</strong></p>
<p>The title of today&#8217;s post is the same as the title of the latest edition of the magazine, The Economist. Their full title is: <a href="http://www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=16163154">And Man Made Life: the first artificial organism and its consequences.
</a>
A new world emerged recently and many of us missed it. On Thursday, May 20, 2010 the [...]]]></description>
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<p><strong>And Man Made Life</strong></p>
<p>The title of today&#8217;s post is the same as the title of the latest edition of the magazine, The Economist. Their full title is: <a href="http://www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=16163154">And Man Made Life: the first artificial organism and its consequences.<br />
</a><br />
A new world emerged recently and many of us missed it. On Thursday, May 20, 2010 the journal <a href="http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/science.1190719">Science published an important announcement</a>. For the first time since Genesis chapter 1, life has been created.<br />
<img src="http://alexmcmanus.org/v2/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/manmadelife.jpg" alt="manmadelife" title="manmadelife" width="595" height="335" class="alignright size-full wp-image-1018" /><span id="more-1017"></span></p>
<p>Before that date, to the best of our understanding, all life on earth emerged through natural processes. According to this announcement, a new type of life form is now on earth, a synthetic life form. This new life has no ancestors, only a creator, genetic entrepreneur, Craig Venter, whose team designed it in a computer and assembled it in a lab.<br />
(This happened relatively quickly. In 2008, the<a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/24/science/24cnd-genome.html"> New York Times reported on the breakthrough</a> that led to this staggering result.) Here is the line from this announcement that I find most provocative: </p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;The new cells&#8230;are capable of continuous self-replication.&#8221; </p></blockquote>
<p>Ladies and gentleman, it&#8217;s alive.</p>
<p>If the 20th century was marked by the space race (who will be the first into space?), the 21st century will be marked by a race for genetic enhancements (who will be the first to patent and market designer genes?). The field of biology will define the 21st century. </p>
<p>You Pastors out there, think about this. If a young person today feels a call to the ministry, one of the first questions you should ask is, do you have a passion for biology? The cross disciplinary conversation between biology/ genetics and faith/ theology will be the edge of chaos in the decades to come. This is one reason why the defining question of the 21st century will be, what does it mean to be human?</p>
<p>You&#8217;ll notice that I refer to Venter as a genetic entrepreneur. I&#8217;m following the <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/may/20/craig-venter-synthetic-life-form">Guardian (UK)</a> on this. Here&#8217;s a quote of interest: </p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;Dr Venter became a controversial figure in the 1990s when he pitted his former company, Celera Genomics, against the publicly funded effort to sequence the human genome, the Human Genome Project. Venter had already applied for patents on more than 300 genes, raising concerns that the company might claim intellectual rights to the building blocks of life.&#8221; </p></blockquote>
<p>These concerns about entrepreneurship raise interesting issues. Besides the typical, &#8220;are we playing God&#8221; question, think about these for starters:</p>
<ul>
<li>Will future companies own and sell back to us the building blocks of life? </li>
<li>Will the codes to a longer life be withheld from those can&#8217;t afford it?</li>
<li> Will future children be designed in computers and put together in the lab?</li>
<li> What new perspectives on the nuclear family will prevail when neither mothers or fathers are needed to generate the next generation?</li>
</ul>
<p>On the popular culture side, I&#8217;ll be interested to see how the ethical issues may be raised in the upcoming movie, Splice, this summer. In Splice, Genetic engineers Clive (Adrien Brody) and Elsa (Sarah Polley) successfully splice together the DNA of different animals, to create incredible new hybrids. This leads to the next level&#8211;using human DNA in a hybrid that could revolutionize science and medicine. </p>
<p>I often say that God may be speaking to the world as much or more through film than through church. Save the hate mail. I&#8217;ve heard it before. But if you&#8217;re interested in these things, you may enjoy an informal chat sponsored by the iMn. The movie comes out on June 4. Watch it then join us for an informal 1-hour <em>i</em>chat &#8211;sometime in early July&#8211; about the future of humanity. Group size is limited so to participate email me at alex@theimn.com asap.</p>
<p>See You in the Mystic,</p>
<p>Alex</p>
<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;</p>
<p>Join me, Neil Cole, and others in the <a href="http://theimn.com/link/">Detroit area this October</a> at the Human Event. Enroll now and get that &#8220;early adopter&#8221; discount.</p>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Into the Beautiful Unknown- thoughts on the meaning of us</title>
		<link>http://alexmcmanus.org/2010/04/08/into-the-beautiful-unknown-thoughts-on-the-meaning-of-us/</link>
		<comments>http://alexmcmanus.org/2010/04/08/into-the-beautiful-unknown-thoughts-on-the-meaning-of-us/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Apr 2010 16:23:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alex McManus</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Featured]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Our World]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Search for THE MYSTIC]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[The future]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA["space travel"]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[human]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Humanity]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Jesus]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[miracles]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://alexmcmanus.org/?p=999</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[

<p><strong>Into the &#8220;Beautiful Unknown&#8221;</strong>: <em>thoughts on what it means to be human</em></p>
<p>Sometimes I&#8217;m asked, What does &#8220;M&#8221; stand for? I usually answer, &#8220;Exactly.&#8221; The question is understandable. I use M a lot. </p>
<p>My website is thei<em>m</em>n.
My social network is myi<em>m</em>n.
My internet radio show is All Things <em>M</em>. </p>
<p>So while I usually answer in such a [...]]]></description>
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<p><strong>Into the &#8220;Beautiful Unknown&#8221;</strong>: <em>thoughts on what it means to be human</em></p>
<p>Sometimes I&#8217;m asked, What does &#8220;M&#8221; stand for?<img src="http://alexmcmanus.org/v2/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/guitar.jpg" alt="guitar" title="guitar" width="333" height="500" class="alignright size-full wp-image-1010" /><span id="more-999"></span> I usually answer, &#8220;Exactly.&#8221; The question is understandable. I use M a lot. </p>
<p>My website is thei<em>m</em>n.<br />
My social network is myi<em>m</em>n.<br />
My internet radio show is All Things <em>M</em>. </p>
<p>So while I usually answer in such a way as to increase curiosity, today, I&#8217;ll answer a different way. M stands for huMan. </br></p>
<p>This past Easter, one of the beautiful word images used at Kensington Community Church in Troy, Michigan<br />
about the human experience with the resurrected Christ was the phrase the &#8220;beautiful unknown&#8221;. </p>
<p>I&#8217;ve organized some thoughts of the Human Journey into the beautiful unknown in three sections: something human, something normal, and something questionable. This is a journey of the imagination. Enjoy.<br />
<img src="http://alexmcmanus.org/v2/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/human-body-leonard-da-vinci.jpg" alt="human-body-leonard-da-vinci" title="human-body-leonard-da-vinci" width="333" height="390" class="alignright size-full wp-image-1000" /></p>
<p>SOMETHING HUMAN<br />
Something so &#8220;human&#8221; happened in the first century, that I have turned to calling the events around the life of Jesus, the Human Event. Here&#8217;s the key idea. Jesus Christ did not come to teach Christianity. He came to make the world human.</p>
<p>If you get this, you may know more about Jesus than most Christians. Of course, this begs the question, &#8220;what does it mean to be human?&#8221; And, this question, I think, is the defining question of the 21st century.</p>
<p>Rather than studying Jesus&#8217; life and teaching with reference to the question, &#8220;what does it mean to be a Christian?&#8221; read about Jesus through the human question. The answers (and questions) that emerge will be far more human than religious, and far more interesting than the things we normally talk about in the Christian ghetto. Here&#8217;s the question: has the depth of our common humanity been disguised by our religiosity. What is your experience?</p>
<p>SOMETHING NORMAL<br />
Something &#8220;normal&#8221; happened one Thursday (Sept 25, 2008) around 2 PM. My son, Lucas Daniel (14), was sitting on a bench looking at a pond near our home. He&#8217;d been having a tough day. We both had. He stood and began to walk home when, for some unexplainable reason, he stopped to meditate and pray. When he opened his eyes a bird flew towards him and landed on his head. He reached up and grabbed a tiny zebra finch from the top of his head.<br />
<img src="http://alexmcmanus.org/v2/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/781bz_finch_zebra.jpg" alt="781bz_finch_zebra" title="781bz_finch_zebra" width="333" height="340" class="alignright size-full wp-image-1008" /></p>
<p>Those of you who know Lucas are aware that he has a unique interest in and relationship with animals. Genesis tells us that humankind was created on the same day as all the other animals that move along the ground. We have a connection at the point of our genesis as a species. The New Testament describes how some who believe would not die from the venom of snake bites. Jesus was identified by the descent of a dove. St Patrick and St Francis are said to have had unique relationships to nature and to animals. Humans are a part of the natural world. Here&#8217;s the question: has the depth of our connection to nature become a forgotten way? What are your stories?<br />
<img src="http://alexmcmanus.org/v2/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/space-travel.jpg" alt="space-travel" title="space-travel" width="333" height="324" class="alignright size-full wp-image-1001" /><br />
SOMETHING QUESTIONABLE<br />
In a sense, asking the question, &#8220;What does it mean to be human?,&#8221; is partly the answer. No other species on earth asks this, or is capable of asking this, of its own kind, or of any kind.</p>
<p>Only humankind is questionable, that is, question-able.</p>
<p>Humankind is driven by questions &#8212; i.e. insatiable curiosity combined with the capacity for symbolic thought and made possible by the capacity for the social act of speech. Driven by these questions, humankind will explore the deepest seas, the human genome, the mind, and the darkest jungles, but not for just facts about the universe. We explore because we are on a search for the meaning of life in the universe.</p>
<p>Many of you know that one of my favorite places on earth is NASA. I&#8217;ve always suspected that we are destined to travel to and eventually inhabit the stars. Our questions are big enough to fuel that quest. Interestingly enough, the one question that drives it all, I think, is not one that we are directly asking. </p>
<p>We will leave Earth, and eventually the solar system, in search of the answer to our deepest questions. But all along we will be looking for the one thing we didn&#8217;t need to leave Earth to find. We will be looking for ourselves. We will be asking, What is the meaning of us? Who and why and what are we?</p>
<p>This is more than a Christian question. It is more than a religious question. It is a human one. This question is the end of the rainbow on the way to which we will discover God.</p>
<p>That&#8217;s what M means. </p>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Christianity: Religion or Revelation?</title>
		<link>http://alexmcmanus.org/2009/06/17/religionorrevelation/</link>
		<comments>http://alexmcmanus.org/2009/06/17/religionorrevelation/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Jun 2009 17:46:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alex McManus</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Culture]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Bible]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Christianity]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Humanity]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Religion]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Revelation]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://alexmcmanus.org/2009/06/17/726/</guid>
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<p class="wp-caption-text">The Cave Drawings of Lascaux</p>
<p>A young and influential emerging leader decries the evils of religion.
Religion is condemned as a work of man. Christianity, on the other hand, is not about religion. It is about relationship.

Sure.</p>
<p>In the same way that the Bible is human literature, Christianity is human religion. But this does not mean that [...]]]></description>
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<div id="attachment_725" class="wp-caption alignright" style="width: 510px"><img class="size-full wp-image-725" title="lascaux" src="http://alexmcmanus.org/v2/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/lascaux.jpg" alt="The Cave Drawings of Lascaux" width="500" height="250" /><p class="wp-caption-text">The Cave Drawings of Lascaux</p></div>
<p>A young and influential emerging leader decries the evils of religion.<br />
Religion is condemned as a work of man. Christianity, on the other hand, is not about religion. It is about relationship.<br />
<span id="more-726"></span><br />
Sure.</p>
<p>In the same way that the Bible is human literature, Christianity is human religion. But this does not mean that there isn&#8217;t a relationship between God and humans behind it.</p>
<p>Think of Abraham.<br />
God speaks to him. That&#8217;s a relational faith encounter between God and man.<br />
Abraham constructs an altar to commemorate his encounter with God.<br />
That&#8217;s religion&#8230;human religion.</p>
<p><span style="color: #003300;">TWO SIDES OF ONE COIN</span></p>
<p>Think of a coin.<br />
We call one side of the coin &#8220;heads&#8221; and the other side &#8220;tails&#8221;. In a limited way, religion and revelation are like the two sides of the coin. Religion is the human side of the coin. It is the young preacher, standing up at the scheduled moment of a regularly scheduled worship service, addressing the audience of Christians, and saying that what &#8220;they&#8221; are doing is not religion. Amen, they all say in unison.</p>
<div id="attachment_732" class="wp-caption alignright" style="width: 126px"><img class="size-full wp-image-732" title="romacoin" src="http://alexmcmanus.org/v2/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/romacoin.jpg" alt="Roman Coin" width="116" height="116" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Roman Coin</p></div>
<p>Like a coin, you cannot see through these human religious practices to the other side of the coin. This young preacher&#8217;s very religious existence, however, is a witness to a moment when the coin became translucent and the other side came across to the human side.</p>
<p>This is a limited analogy because it suggests a hard divide between that world that the &#8220;eyes of faith&#8221; see and this world that the rest of us see. But it is not so much an issue of a hard divide between two worlds as much as it is an issue of seeing. &#8220;That&#8221; world and &#8220;this&#8221; world are one. Religion is the human product, the tangible residue or social manifestation, to a &#8220;this world&#8221; faith encounter with the sacred.</p>
<p><span style="color: #003300;"><strong>THE NATURALNESS OF RELIGION</strong></span></p>
<p>Humans are by nature religious. Even the humans that preach against religion are doing so religiously. They normally do so at prearranged gatherings they call worship services or celebrations. Dozens, hundreds, sometimes thousands of people rise at the same time, travel to the same place, and participate in the same practices each week. Then the young preacher rises and preaches against religion, by which he means empty ritual.</p>
<p>But religion is not evil or good, empty ritual or full devotion, as a first consideration. As a first consideration, it is natural. It is a hallmark of our species. We are the animal that worships. Every human society of which I am aware has religion. And there are no other species with religion. Yet.</p>
<p>Somewhere in the mists of prehistory our species awakened to a heightened consciousness about itself, others, the world around it, and the sacred. The origins of this consciousness is a mystery. Indeed, the origins of consciousness of any sort is a mystery.<br />
<img class="alignright size-full wp-image-724" title="cavedrawing" src="http://alexmcmanus.org/v2/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/cavedrawing.jpg" alt="cavedrawing" width="380" height="255" /><br />
Religion is the social manifestation, at least at its point of origin, of the encounters with the sacred of those who have stepped into this mystery. It is the human side of things.</p>
<p>The Christian religion, like the Bible, is a human creation. (A human creation, a secondary source, inspired by primary encounters with God). Neither Christianity nor the Bible are the revelation. In the pecking order, Christianity has a lower priority in seeking to understand that pristine revelation than does the Bible, and they are both inseparable from the revelation, but neither are the revelation.</p>
<p><strong><span style="color: #003300;">THE ONE SIDE OF THE COIN POINTS TO THE OTHER SIDE</span></strong></p>
<p>Let&#8217;s take that thought another step. To say that Christianity and the Bible are human creations, and human creations only, does NOT mean that they were NOT inspired by an encounter with the sacred. I am convinced that God is encountering our species in the world out here outside of the church, outside of the biblical literature. Let&#8217;s reinforce this thought. Both the Bible and Christianity are responses to an external force at work in the world.</p>
<p>That&#8217;s revelation. Revelation is the moment that the coin becomes translucent and the other side which we cannot see appears on our side of the coin.<br />
When God spoke, that was revelation. When man turned and wrote or created or organized in response to this revelation, that&#8217;s religion.</p>
<p>Almost three decades ago, I had an encounter with the sacred that made me a passionate follower of Jesus Christ. Everything I&#8217;ve done and said since then is my religion. I don&#8217;t use the term &#8220;passionate&#8221; to describe a high emotional output. I use it because, as I think over the last three decades since my own awakening, it is obvious that regardless of what I&#8217;m doing, conversation about pursuing God has been central. Still, while my encounter with God was pristine, my religion is not.<br />
<img class="alignright size-full wp-image-733" title="prayerpainting" src="http://alexmcmanus.org/v2/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/prayerpainting.jpg" alt="prayerpainting" width="400" height="215" /></p>
<p>I want no one to follow my religion. That would be the first commandment of my religion: Don&#8217;t join it. However, I want everybody to experience a pristine encounter with that blazing white light that doesn&#8217;t consume what it touches.</p>
<p>My encounter with God happened in the context of hearing the story about Jesus, observing a community of faith, personal reading of the Bible, participation in discussions about the Bible and faith, being in the proximity of prayer, listening the proclamation of the gospel, a deliverance from evil, and a vision. In other words, the practice of the Christian religion created the context in which I had a faith encounter with God. There was no one foundation for my faith, it emerged out of the web of relationships and experiences that culminated in a moment of insight that required commitment.</p>
<p>My own practices &#8212; reading the Bible, telling the story of Jesus, starting small groups for Bible study and prayer, announcing the victory of Jesus, participating in communities of faith, challenging false thinking, praying for deliverance from evil, calling on others to believe &#8212; over time led others to their own encounters with God.</p>
<p>If our experience of God, or something like that, is what happened to our pre-historical ancestors, it is no wonder religion arose right along side our species. The ancient cave painting of southwest France may be vestiges of the first religions which were most likely shaman like experiences of connection with the spirit world. They point to something beyond themselves and participation in those experiences often allowed (and allows) others to feel close to the vibrations of God out here in the real world.</p>
<p><span style="color: #003300;"><strong>THE RELIGIOUS INSTINCT</strong></span></p>
<p>Our species was born when we adapted to some encounter in the natural world with the &#8220;fire-that-does-not-consume&#8221; somewhen in prehistory. Perhaps 21st century Homo Sapiens also move towards those encounters instinctually, like salmon finding their way back to the place of their birth to spawn. We look for answers to our deepest questions as a matter of a deep and internal scripting.</p>
<p>In the same way that the lizard, through evolution via the process of natural selection, has &#8220;learned&#8221; to turn colors yet doesn&#8217;t know why it turns color, we turn in our hearts on a quest for God. Biblical religion is at heart the human witness that tells us that God revealed himself to them (and potentially will again) in the turning.</p>
<p>The encounter in which God reveals himself to someone(s) is revelation.<br />
Telling others about it and reorganizing our lives because of it is religion.</p>
<p>Christianity is the religion that reorganizes itself along the belief that God is speaking to the whole world through Jesus Christ. Christianity is not pristine. It is after all a religion. But an encounter with God through Jesus is. That is revelation.</p>
<p>Why is Christianity on its best day such a dynamic and revolutionary religion? Because the revelation that birthed the personal faith of the founders which gave rise to both Christianity and the Bible was dynamic and revolutionary. Christianity as religion is at its best when it is the flip side of the coin to God&#8217;s revelation in Christ.</p>
<p><span style="color: #003300;"><strong>SEEING THROUGH THE COIN: FAITH</strong></span></p>
<p>Unlike the coin of our earlier analogy, the divide between seeing and not seeing is not opaque like a coin. It is transparent. The divide between revelation and religion is faith.</p>
<p>Faith is not about moving out on what we believe. It does not initiate within us. Faith is a response and as such requires something to respond to. Faith begins on the outside. It begins with a moment of reception, a moment of seeing, sensing, hearing, desiring, intuiting, believing, and then taking that first step. That first step is our religion. It is our religion that everyone else sees.</p>
<p>Religion, even the Christian religion, or its product like the Bible, is not revelation. There is a story in the gospel about Jesus who is trying to heal a blind man. His first attempt results in the man being able to see but not interpret what he sees. He looked at the people and they seemed to him to be walking trees. Religion is the voices of the blind arguing about what to make of the walking trees.</p>
<p>Religion serves the revelation and not vice versa. Religion can go off course and can be adjusted to realign itself to the pristine moment when God reveals himself. Some adjustments are clearer than others, some embodiments of the revelation may be purer than others, but in the end, they serve as signposts to an encounter with God.</p>
<p>This God encounter is one that humanity, from its very beginning and across time and space until this very day, has experienced out here in the natural world. Like the lizards who &#8220;learned&#8221; over eons in the wild to turn colors without knowing why, we search for God. Humans have religion because God is out here showing himself to us, and our biological scripting, our social religious constructs, as well as our personal experiences suggest this.</p>
<p><strong>What do you think?</strong><br />
&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;</p>
<p><span style="color: #000080;"><strong>Coming Up:</strong></span><br />
<span style="color: #000080;">Why does the Bible have authority?<br />
How can we trust the Bible?</span></p>
<p><span style="color: #000080;">I will discuss these two questions along with my thoughts on<br />
N.T Wright&#8217;s essay on the authority of scripture.</span></p>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>The Bible as Human Literature</title>
		<link>http://alexmcmanus.org/2009/05/26/the-bible-as-human-literature/</link>
		<comments>http://alexmcmanus.org/2009/05/26/the-bible-as-human-literature/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 May 2009 20:02:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alex McManus</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Culture]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Bible]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Literature]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Mission]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://alexmcmanus.org/?p=587</guid>
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<p class="wp-caption-text">Photo: Lucas, my youngest son, and I read this text on Easter while in Kenya together</p>
<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;</p>
<p>The Bible is only human literature.</p>
<p>Breathe.</p>
<p>I have a question I want to consider, and I have asked this question at the end of this post. But let&#8217;s begin with this lesser question:</p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><em>Why does embracing the Bible as [...]]]></description>
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<div id="attachment_630" class="wp-caption alignright" style="width: 280px"><img class="size-full wp-image-630" title="bible" src="http://alexmcmanus.org/v2/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/bible.jpg" alt="Lucas and I read this text on Easter while in Kenya together" width="270" height="331" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Photo: Lucas, my youngest son, and I read this text on Easter while in Kenya together</p></div>
<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;</p>
<p>The Bible is only human literature.</p>
<p>Breathe.</p>
<p>I have a question I want to consider, and I have asked this question at the end of this post. But let&#8217;s begin with this lesser question:</p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><em>Why does embracing the Bible as human literature disorient some of us?</em></p>
<p>Perhaps it is because many of us are so used to being told that the Bible is a book written by God &#8212; The Bible is God&#8217;s word.  But the Bible is not written by God. It is written by humans.</p>
<p>Having said that, does claiming that the Bible is only human literature mean the Bible is false? <span id="more-587"></span>Of course not.<br />
The New York Times is also produced by humans. Does that mean it is false? Of course not.</p>
<p>The Bible is only human literature, but it is based on true stories. Yes, the stories are so unbelievable in parts that it is up to each reader to sort out what lies behind it all. That&#8217;s where the danger lies. The danger is not that each reader must determine for herself what lies behind it. The danger is what lies behind it. In a sense the Bible is like the shadow of the invisible. Enter the shadow at your own risk.</p>
<p><strong>PERFECT OR ADEQUATE</strong></p>
<p>One of my very favorite classes at New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary  was textual criticism. One thing that my prof, Carlton Winberry, said then still seems very timely and important. Dr. Winberry said that the scriptures were &#8220;adequate&#8221; to perform the task God intended.</p>
<p>In hindsight, this struck a chord for me because it aligned with my own thinking on the subject. But beyond this, the word &#8220;adequate,&#8221; when used of scripture, seemed to me to resonate with an important truth in the otherwise often deluded ethos of the SBC.</p>
<p style="padding-left: 60px;"><span style="color: #ff6600;">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;</span></p>
<p style="padding-left: 60px;"><span style="color: #ff6600;">(Scot McKnight&#8217;s recent post, <a href="http://blog.beliefnet.com/jesuscreed/2009/05/the-bible-and-knowledge-2-rjs.html">The Bible and Knowledge 2 (RJS)</a> also mentions this word &#8220;adequate&#8221; when it comes to scripture. Though, in fairness to Scot, you must not mistake this mention as a way of trying to equate my mystic wanderings with his solid evangelical writings. (<a href="http://www.blogtalkradio.com/AlexMcManus/2009/05/01/IMN-CENTRAL-Scot-McKnight">To listen to my recent interview with Scot about his new book, The Blue Parakeet, click here</a>.))</span></p>
<p style="padding-left: 60px;"><span style="color: #ff6600;">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;</span></p>
<p>I know that both my opening line and the use of the word &#8220;adequate&#8221; may be unsettling for some of you. Let me make that worse. Let&#8217;s turn my opening statement into a question:</p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><em>What exactly do we lose if we consider the Bible to be exactly what it is, only human literature?</em></p>
<p>I know that there are three words in this question that some of you won&#8217;t like when used in regards to the Bible: &#8220;literature,&#8221; &#8220;human,&#8221; and &#8220;only&#8221;.</p>
<p>There are other related questions underneath this one.</p>
<ul>
<li>Does the proclamation of the gospel include a call to believe &#8220;in&#8221; the Bible?</li>
<li>Is the canon of the Bible revelation?</li>
<li>Is the Bible revealed? (another way to ask the same question)</li>
<li>Is the Bible culturally conditioned?</li>
</ul>
<p>To me the answers to these questions are No, No, No, and Yes. (For some of my ideas about these things see my prior articles: <a href="http://alexmcmanus.org/2008/01/12/the-kinds-of-people-the-21st-century-needs-3/">Scripture Part 1</a>, <a href="http://alexmcmanus.org/2008/02/18/the-kinds-of-people-the-21st-century-needs-4/">Scripture Part 2</a>, <a href="http://alexmcmanus.org/2008/10/05/from-the-mystic-mailbag-the-word/">Bibliolatry</a>). But today, I&#8217;m playfully questioning the language that we choose when we speak about the Bible.</p>
<p>God did not write the Bible.<br />
Humans wrote the Bible.<br />
Thus the Bible is not God&#8217;s written word if by that we mean that God wrote it.</p>
<p>The Bible is human literature and humans are the authors. Just to be clear, the Bible is not co-authored by God and humans either. The Bible is <em>only (</em>by which I mean that the Bible is not divine<em>) </em>human literature.</p>
<p style="padding-left: 60px;"><span style="color: #ff6600;">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;</span></p>
<p style="padding-left: 60px;"><span style="color: #ff6600;">To keep you centered and balanced &#8212; even though it makes me feel queezy when someone refers to the Bible as divine &#8212; here&#8217;s  an argument for not considering the Bible as &#8220;only&#8221; human, see Scot&#8217;s Jesus Creed post <a href="http://blog.beliefnet.com/jesuscreed/2009/05/the-bible-and-knowledge-5---i.html">The Bible and Knowledge 5 - Inspiration and Incarnation</a>.)</span></p>
<p style="padding-left: 60px;"><span style="color: #ff6600;">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;</span></p>
<p style="padding-left: 60px;">
<p>I think that after a little while, you will think obvious the simple claim that the Bible is only human literature. But I may be deluding myself here. I am reminded that the Baptist Faith and Message places the Scriptures as the first Article directly above article number two, God.</p>
<p>There is a lot at stake in these issues. The main issue in my sights as I write this is the continued global conversation between Islam and the West. This conversation may shape anew how Christians think about the Bible.</p>
<p>The way many of us think about the Bible today &#8212; as the foundation of our faith over and against science and reason &#8212; was shaped by the rise of science and reason. This era is often called the Modern Era and many consider René Descartes the philosophical father of the Modern Era. Many Christians today are more shaped in their thinking &#8212; at least when it comes to the Bible &#8212; by Descartes than by scripture itself.  (For more on this, read my article, <a href="http://alexmcmanus.org/2009/05/26/when-it-comes-to-the-bible-many-christians-are-disciples-of-descartes/">When it comes to the Bible, Many Christians are disciples of Descartes</a>. )</p>
<p>The way many Christians think about the Bible was reinforced when they set out to defend this foundation against the anti-foundational attacks of postmodernism. Against science and reason, the arguments revolved around &#8220;which&#8221; foundation was &#8220;the&#8221; foundation. What had the last word, science, reason, or the Bible? Against the postmodern element of anti-foundationalism, which corrected Descartes and rightly maintained that no indubitable foundation for knowledge exists, the argument revolved around whether the Bible was the authoritative foundation for certainty against a view that maintained that our knowledge and certainty could not be absolute.</p>
<p>Today we have another challenge. Many Christians will need to learn to think about the Bible, not in contrast to &#8220;unbelievers&#8221; who trust in reason more than scripture, or in relativism rather than absolutes, but in contrast to fundamentalist believers who also have a book written by God.</p>
<p>Muslims, like Christians, have a book written (well, at least revealed to Muhammad who then dictated it to scribes) by God. Their book is the Qur an. I see a time coming when Islam will enter the modern era in which some will apply to the Qur&#8217; an the same critical methods applied to the Bible. Some or much of Islam will begin to wonder if God did in fact write (reveal) the Qur&#8217; an. That will be a good day when it comes. That day hasn&#8217;t come for Christians who still believe that God revealed the Bible.</p>
<p><strong>FOUNDATIONS FOR FAITH</strong><br />
When I converted towards God through faith in Christ, I entered an evangelical world that was in the midst of a battle about the Bible. In essence the battle raged over a single question: what are the <em>foundations</em> for faith?</p>
<p>On the one side of the valley were the troops that battled under the flag of inerrant scriptures. They believed that, as God&#8217;s written word, the Bible was The Truth Objectified. What is truth? The Bible.</p>
<p>On the other side of the valley were those who rallied under the flag of reliable experience. They believed that, as God&#8217;s written word, the Bible pointed to a truth that could be subjectively embraced. What is the truth? The peace in our hearts.</p>
<p>In other words, the foundation for faith on one side was the scripture and on the other side was experience.</p>
<p>When asked about the actual Bibles we held in our hands, some of those who stood on the <em>foundation</em> of scripture immediately retreated to mysterious &#8220;original manuscripts&#8221; that had been lost to us. (Sounds like competition for the DaVinci Code to me).  But even though lost, these manuscripts imputed their &#8220;inerrancy&#8221; on our modern Bibles. But it was imperative to insist that the Bibles we had in our hands were perfect and inerrant. All their shouting and war cries had been a rouse. The real matter was that they did not believe the Bibles in their hands to be adequate.</p>
<p>Same for the Subjectivists. When asked about the Bible, some who stood on the <em>foundation</em> of experience  retreated to the sphere of emotion and subjectivity. The content of the Bible itself is not at issue, but what the reader gets out of it. That&#8217;s what matters. How do we know what is true? If it warms the heart, then it is true. The Bible is God&#8217;s word in the sense that, when we read it, God speaks to the heart. So, whatever anyone feels regardless of how it relates to the Biblical content, that was God&#8217;s word. The real matter here was that, like their objectivist rivals, they did not believe the Bible to be adequate.</p>
<p>Both had made sinking sand the place of their last stand. I&#8217;m sure these are oversimplifications. I also know that there are really smart people on both sides of the valley. But, it&#8217;s weird how often rivals are kissing cousins. They were both right and wrong in the same ways.</p>
<p>How were they both right? The Bible is NOT adequate. The Bible <em>alone</em> is not adequate. In order for anyone to share the faith of Israel or of the Christ following community, God must encounter each of us in a way that is adequate for us to believe. And, both my experience and my reading of the Bible inform me that God isn&#8217;t limited to the Bible or to feelings as the foundation of his work. Neither the Bible nor Experience can do the work that only God can do, and he works in plural and mysterious ways.</p>
<p>How were they both wrong? The Bible IS adequate to perform the work the communities that wrote, edited, and sustained it desired. The Bible is one human community&#8217;s way of explaining how it came to be the community it is. Their story is that God encountered them and shaped them in particular ways. Their aim is that the readers would have their sensors awakened to the presence of this same God around them.</p>
<p><strong>CONVERGENCE</strong></p>
<p>In fact, the way most of us come to faith is not based on one <em>foundation</em> such as &#8220;the Bible&#8221; or &#8220;an experience&#8221;. We all rely on multiple and converging lines of evidence or urges:</p>
<ul>
<li>we grow up in a Christian context</li>
<li> we grow up in a non Christian context but some one tells us the story of Christ</li>
<li> we read the Bible</li>
<li>we admire someone who believes</li>
<li>we experience death, disease, or demonization</li>
<li> we experience a Jesus community</li>
<li> we have a mystical experience</li>
<li> we gain insight from a sermon</li>
<li> we &#8220;remember&#8221; God in nature</li>
<li> we take a leap of faith</li>
<li> we think and reason through truth claims</li>
<li> we have a vision</li>
<li>all or some of the above</li>
</ul>
<p>At some point we</p>
<ul>
<li> (1) consolidate these converging lines of evidence into one cohesive but messy transmission about the meaning of everything or, at least, the meaning of something</li>
<li> (2) begin to suspect that all these things make sense in light of Jesus and his story</li>
<li> (3) awaken to the encroaching presence of God through all of them</li>
<li> (4) make a commitment to move in Jesus&#8217; direction</li>
</ul>
<p>There is no one foundation for faith besides God, but there are plenty of clues.</p>
<p><strong>HUMAN AND SPECIAL</strong></p>
<p>Just to be clear, just because something is written by humans does not automatically make it false. Again, we read the New York Times and don&#8217;t require that it be penned by God to believe that we&#8217;re getting something that resembles the truth.</p>
<p>In fact, I think the Bible exists because God encountered people &#8212; encountered not in the Bible but out here in the real world &#8212; and some of these people lived to tell about it.</p>
<p>(1)<br />
So at a primary level, the Bible is inspired by God in the sense that the movie Chariots of Fire was inspired by the life of Eric Liddell and his journey towards the 1924 Olympics in Paris. In other words, the Bible (and the communities that created it) is inspired by people whose lives, according to their testimonies, were interrupted and forever changed by the activity of God.</p>
<p>This is a first clue we are given: Is God active out here in the world outside of the literature? But it doesn&#8217;t end there.</p>
<p>(2)<br />
To add another layer, the Bible is inspired by this encounter between God and humans and the sustained relationships (both individual and societal) that follow. Real people engaged in real encounters that sustained their life transforming energy and community forming genius through story telling and ritual re-enactment.</p>
<p>This is a second clue: Where does religion come from? To be more pointed about it, what explains the emergence of Israel and of the Christ following movement? To bring it to an even finer point, how did those who came before us work out their lives and fashion their communities after their encounter with God? But there&#8217;s more.</p>
<p>(3)<br />
To add yet another layer, I hear in the Bible a story that resonates with the trajectory of the universe. I think it is esteemed &#8212; and will continue to be esteemed &#8212; as human literature because the stories it tells corresponds to something that is happening out here where all of us live, and think, and have our being. But in the end, it is these humans that tell us their stories of extraordinary things and we are seized by the realities behind them or not.</p>
<p>This is a third clue: What is this all about? Where, if anywhere, is the universe taking us? Where does consciousness, morality, religion, and art come from? What am I?</p>
<p>The Bible is great human literature, but its importance is secondary to the believer. For the believer the scripture has no authority in and of itself. In fact, quite the opposite of being authoritative, the Bible is dependent. The bible is dependent on the events that happened out here in the real world. For example:</p>
<ul>
<li>Jesus is not raised from the dead because the Bible says so. The New Testament exists because Jesus was raised.</li>
<li> Israel did not emerge on the stage of history because the Bible says so. The Bible exists because Israel emerges.</li>
</ul>
<p>The Bible is secondary, it follows events. The events themselves are of far greater importance than the text that documents them. The Bible is the story of a community that gives witness to the extraordinary events that shaped them.</p>
<p>Persons of faith were prior to the community of faith that was prior to the scriptures. But the initiative of God to engage the persons of faith is the genesis moment of it all. Everything depends on the reality of that genesis moment.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #ff6600;">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #ff6600;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #ff6600;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">tR of Jesus &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; Persons of faith &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; Community of faith &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; Scriptures</span></span></p>
<h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #ff6600;">GOD</span><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><br />
</span></h1>
<p style="text-align: center;">
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #ff6600;">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;</span></p>
<p>So I have arrived at the final form of the question I want to consider:</p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><em>If Jesus is really raised from the dead, what do we lose if we consider the Bible as only human literature?</em></p>
<p>Just in case you ran through that last line without really reading it:</p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><em>If Jesus is really raised from the dead, what do we lose if we consider the Bible as only human literature?</em></p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><em><br />
</em></p>
<p><strong>What do you think?</strong></p>
<p>Other Links:<br />
<a href="http://alexmcmanus.org/2009/05/26/when-it-comes-to-the-bible-many-christians-are-disciples-of-descartes/ ">When it comes to the Bible, Many Christians are Disciples of Descartes</a></p>
<p>Contexts and Trajectories for Faith:<a href="http://alexmcmanus.org/2008/01/12/the-kinds-of-people-the-21st-century-needs-3"> The Kinds of People the 21st Century Needs Part 3</a></p>
<p>Contexts and Trajectories for Faith:<a href="http://alexmcmanus.org/2008/02/18/the-kinds-of-people-the-21st-century-needs-4/"> The Kinds of People the 21st Century Needs Part 4</a></p>
<p><a href="http://alexmcmanus.org/2008/10/05/from-the-mystic-mailbag-the-word/">Bibliolatry</a></p>
<p>See you in the mystic&#8230;</p>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://alexmcmanus.org/2009/05/26/the-bible-as-human-literature/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
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		<title>When it Comes to the Bible, Many Christians are disciples of Descartes</title>
		<link>http://alexmcmanus.org/2009/05/26/when-it-comes-to-the-bible-many-christians-are-disciples-of-descartes/</link>
		<comments>http://alexmcmanus.org/2009/05/26/when-it-comes-to-the-bible-many-christians-are-disciples-of-descartes/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 May 2009 20:01:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alex McManus</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Culture]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Bible]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Literature]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Mission]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://alexmcmanus.org/?p=663</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[

<p>
It’s 1983.
I’m in a Baptist church.
That&#8217;s scary enough.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m sitting before a council of men who are testing my readiness to enter the ministry.</p>
<p>It isn’t going well.</p>
<p><strong>First of all</strong>, I didn’t know that one had to “enter” the ministry.</p>
<p>But, in order to fulfill one of the qualifications to participate in launching a new church, something I [...]]]></description>
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It’s 1983.<br />
I’m in a Baptist church.<br />
That&#8217;s scary enough.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m sitting before a council of men who are testing my readiness to enter the ministry.</p>
<p>It isn’t going well.</p>
<p><strong>First of all</strong>, I didn’t know that one had to “enter” the ministry.</p>
<p>But, in order to fulfill one of the qualifications to participate in launching a new church, something I was curious about, I &#8220;needed&#8221; to be ordained because soon I would be &#8220;baptizing new believers&#8221;.</p>
<p>I didn’t know you had to be ordained to baptize new converts. In reality, I didn’t even know you had to baptize new converts.</p>
<p><strong>Secondly</strong>, they&#8217;re asking me questions and I’m getting all the answers wrong.<br />
<span id="more-663"></span><br />
To make matters worse, I’m not the only person being tested today. And, the other guy is <em>good</em>&#8230;real good.</p>
<p>The serious men sitting around the table ask a question. The other candidate answers and the table becomes a sea of nodding heads.  They ask him more questions and their enthusiasm grows. The accumulated weight of his right answers is creating a doctrinal and theological ecstasy. If we keep going like this revival is going to break out and I’m going to feel really uncomfortable.</p>
<p>Baptist’s don’t dance. But that could change right here right now and I don’t want to be here if that happens.</p>
<p>They turn to me. They ask a question.</p>
<p>I answer naturally.</p>
<p>They steal glances at one another as if searching each others faces for cues to right behavior. Their response is underwhelming.</p>
<p>Because they alternate between us as they ask questions, it creates a kind of roller coaster effect.<br />
He answers. Applause.<br />
I answer. Silence.<br />
He answers. Cheers and hooting and leaning forward to the table.<br />
I answer. Ughs and leaning back in their chairs.</p>
<p>That may be a little exaggerated, but not much.</p>
<p>Up and down we went with the distance between their responses to each of us growing ever wider.</p>
<p>After a while, they stop stealing glances at each other. A couple of the men rock all the way onto the back two legs of their chairs.  The questions keep coming.</p>
<p>Predestination?<br />
I got it wrong.<br />
Women in leadership?<br />
I got it wrong.<br />
And the straw that broke the camels back, the Inerrancy of the Scriptures?<br />
Wrong.</p>
<p>One of them drops his pencil on his yellow writing tablet. The silence is deep. I sense that the disappointment of some is profound. The antagonism of others is tangible.</p>
<p>The other candidate is obviously feeling empathy for me. Everything about this moment is utterly, beautifully truthful. It was saying to me, you don&#8217;t really fit here. They were graciously broad, though, and ordained me anyway because I had an &#8220;evangelistic&#8221; spirit.</p>
<p>Thinking back, I should have listened to myself. In all fairness, that would not be the last time that would happen. It would be the first of many times. I still had much to learn. But there was more going on there than my lack of knowledge. I was experiencing the fact that the past is always in the present.</p>
<p>FOUNDATIONS OF FOUNDATIONALIST FAITH</p>
<p>Think 1600s.<br />
That&#8217;s right. Century 17.<br />
Knowledge in that world came from the outside in. Truth was taught by the Church or dictated by the state. They didn&#8217;t have to explain themselves. They simply knew better. Like a parent who tells a child, because I said so.</p>
<p>Renee Descartes, on the other hand, was not a fan of the “because I said so” school of knowledge. Descartes, considered the father of the modern era, desired a way of getting at “truth” that would work for everyone.  If men and nations could agree on a universal way of knowing “truth” then consensus, agreement, and finally peace could be achieved.</p>
<p>Descartes concluded that a reliable belief system needed to be constructed on a reliable foundation. <em></em></p>
<p><em>Note: this is a key word: foundation.</em></p>
<p>If the foundational belief were not rock solid, he reasoned, then the entire system of beliefs would be questionable. But if you were able to begin with a foundation of certain knowledge, then you could build a new world. Eventually (in the 1900s) this process would be called &#8220;foundationalism&#8221;.</p>
<p>And so Descartes began his search. What do we <em>really</em> know? What he needed was a foundation that no one could doubt, an indubitable foundation. <em></em></p>
<p><em>Note: this is another key phrase: indubitable foundation</em>.</p>
<p>To get there he employed the principle of doubt. Doubt everything. If it can be doubted you cannot build on it.</p>
<p>He questioned everything about his own belief system and like an onion it began to peel away layer by layer. He was finally left with nothing save one thing: I think therefore I am. He could not doubt his own existence. He began to build a system of beliefs from this new foundation.</p>
<p>After Descartes, the need for an &#8220;indubitable&#8221; foundation was assumed. Without this certain foundation, we could know nothing with certainty.</p>
<p>Science had the scientific method as its way of establishing its foundations for knowledge. Philosophy had logic, syllogisms and reason. Over time, these together ate away at the “because we say so” truth claims of those in authority, both state and church.</p>
<p>Fast-forward in time to 1926 and cross the Atlantic in space.<br />
Yes, Century 20.<br />
There you will find a court case in Tennessee known as the Scopes Monkey Trial that pits these two foundations against each other.  The challenge of the Church and the Bible as a foundation for knowledge had been heating up over time &#8212; the &#8220;Sun&#8221; centered solar system, evolution, etc. At its worst, the Church often asserted its &#8220;Divine Right&#8221; to violently oppress free thinkers. But usually, these challenges led theologians to debate and defend the Bible as the foundation of faith.</p>
<p>Historically, theology has often been a response to philosophy (ht: Nancy Murphy). This was no exception. The challenge of two hundred years of philosophical debate and scientific discovery drove US theologians and denominations to engage in the debate over the foundations of Christian knowledge.</p>
<p>Science and reason promised to give all men everywhere the indubitable foundations needed to know “what is real” and “what is right and true” Theologians fighting for the legitimacy of the Christian tradition to speak to these issues within a culture of science and reason, wrestled to establish foundations for the faith.</p>
<p>Fourty-seven years later again, in 1983, I sat in a room filled with leaders from a good local church. This was a committee of faithful men gathered together to assess my qualifications for ministry.</p>
<p>To a large extent, their faith had been shaped by the conversation with Descartes and the Enlightenment project. I understood that for them the scriptures were the foundation and basis for faith. Their entire belief system, if not founded on an indubitable foundation, could potentially be brought down.</p>
<p>Why I didn&#8217;t share this fear, I don&#8217;t know.</p>
<p>The doctrine of biblical inerrancy was a &#8220;hedge&#8221; of protection they had raised to protect this foundation. Because the critical approach to the study of scripture had made this already dubious claim difficult to justify, even the hedge had a hedge: it is the original manuscripts of the scriptures that were absolutely flawless. Yes, the Bibles we held in our hands may have a glitch here and there but the original documents themselves were a pristine work of beauty from the hand of God on which men and women could risk their lives.</p>
<p>In what museum were these originals contained? Oh that. There are no original documents.</p>
<p>Let’s recap. How did we know the gospel was true and how could we prove the truth of the gospel to others? The answer: Inerrant, original manuscripts that don’t exist. That’s how. These flawless original manuscripts give an unspoken pass to the Bibles we held in our hands, a kind of imputed inerrancy.</p>
<p>Modern theologians, and everyone in that room at my session with the ordination council, were shaped by the Modern era’s focus on foundations. As foundationalists on the conservative side of the spectrum, the men in the room were objectivists. Their faith was grounded on the scriptures, an object, a thing. On the liberal side, faith was grounded on “experience,” the subjective aspects of faith.</p>
<p>They each saw the other as being in error, as placing their faith in the wrong place, but in fact they were kissing cousins. They both grounded their faith on a foundation (scripture or experience). That’s what Descartes taught them to do. Without an indubitable foundation the whole building falls.</p>
<p>But no one can question your experience, the liberals said.</p>
<p>No one can question the Bible, the conservatives said.</p>
<p>Oh yes they can.</p>
<p>Certainty was more than a need; it was a lust. Everything depended on having a public foundation that could not be challenged.  Without this indubitable foundation the Christian voice would be lost. This was a war Christians were not willing to lose even if no one was fighting them anymore.</p>
<p>In 1983 conservative leaders, like some of the men on my ordination council, and liberal Christ following thinkers, were still fighting over foundations as if somebody cared.</p>
<p>But the issues they had battled over no longer mattered. The answers they had polished over decades of debate did not address any of the new questions being asked. Few believed in objective, absolute truth anymore. Even science had lost its privileged position as objective and unbiased. The questions now assumed the realities of relativism, subjectivism and pluralism. What no one in the room during my ordination council knew was that the philosophers, after a couple of hundred years of testing out foundations for knowledge, decided that the search didn’t have a future.</p>
<p>At the beginning of the 21st century, many thinkers both believer and secular are post-foundational while many Christians are still disciples of Descartes.</p>
<p>In fact, any claim to an indubitable foundation for knowledge today is looked upon with suspicion and distrust, as an attempts to impose one’s will over others. (If this is true, think about what much of our preaching must sound like to a post-foundationalist listener). The post-modern person was someone who understood that while the search for a universally held absolute truth may be illusion, the drive to power was not.</p>
<p>Creating a world that works for everyone could no longer be based, as Descartes had hoped, on a universally indubitable  foundation for knowledge. As followers of Descartes, many Christians feared the subjectivism, relativism, and pluralism of postmodern culture.</p>
<p>Yet, postmodern culture—and the set of “isms” that revolve around it—was never faith’s main enemy in the 20th century western world. Not even close.  Faith’s enemies were what they have always been: hate, betrayal, contempt, greed, arrogance, indifference, revenge.</p>
<p>The enemies have always been the set of entrenched immoral behaviors that revolve around the reality of our inhumanity. These were, are and ever will be the enemy, and not just of the church but of all humanity.</p>
<p>Contrary to stereotypes, the real postmodern problem was not that we had lost the ability to know the truth, but that too many knew all too well the truth about the human condition. Humans would use anything, even the divinely inspired Word of God, to assert power over others.</p>
<p><strong>What do you think?</strong></p>
<p>Other Similar Articles:<br />
<a href="http://alexmcmanus.org/2009/05/26/the-bible-as-human-literaturethe-bible-as-human-literature/">The Bible as Human Literature</a></p>
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		<title>Twitter</title>
		<link>http://alexmcmanus.org/2009/04/15/twitter/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 15 Apr 2009 17:39:13 +0000</pubDate>
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<p>Twitter is now
what
blogs were then.</p>
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		<title>4 Ideas Changing the World Right Now</title>
		<link>http://alexmcmanus.org/2009/04/06/4-ideas-changing-the-world-right-now/</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 07 Apr 2009 01:57:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alex McManus</dc:creator>
		
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<p>
Ideas have consequences. <a href="http://www.time.com/time/">TIME Magazine</a> published their list of <a href="Time 2009: http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/0,28757,1884779,00.html">10 Ideas that are Changing the World Right Now</a>. Inspired by Time, I&#8217;ve created a list of my own. See if you agree.</p>
<p>But first here is <a href="http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/0,28757,1884779,00.html">TIME MAGAZINE&#8221;S list of 10 World Changing Ideas</a>:
* Jobs Are the New Assets
* Recycling the [...]]]></description>
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Ideas have consequences. <a href="http://www.time.com/time/">TIME Magazine</a> published their list of <a href="Time 2009: http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/0,28757,1884779,00.html">10 Ideas that are Changing the World Right Now</a>. Inspired by Time, I&#8217;ve created a list of my own. See if you agree.<span id="more-509"></span></p>
<p>But first here is <a href="http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/0,28757,1884779,00.html">TIME MAGAZINE&#8221;S list of 10 World Changing Ideas</a>:<br />
* Jobs Are the New Assets<br />
* Recycling the Suburbs<br />
* The New Calvinism<br />
* Reinstating The Interstate<br />
* Amortality<br />
* Africa: Open for Business<br />
* The Rent-a-Country<br />
* Biobanks<br />
* Survival Stores<br />
* Ecological Intelligence</p>
<p>I love these kinds of things and soak them up like a sponge. However, as a collection of ideas that are changing the world, I found the list uninspiring. But I think I&#8217;ll make a passing comment on Ideas #5 &#8212; The Amortals and <a href="http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1884779_1884782_1884760,00.html"># 3 &#8212; The New Calvinism</a>.</p>
<h6><strong><a href="http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1884779_1884782_1884758,00.html">Idea # 5 (Amortality)</a></strong></h6>
<p>As fascinating as this Idea is, it describes a trite trend more than an idea that changes the world. American Idol Judge Simon Cowell, who uses botox to look younger, and Madonna are depicted as types of the new Amortals. What is an amortal? Someone whose attitude towards aging has changed. They are eternal teenagers.</p>
<p>The infantile urge written about in this idea does describe a species wide and history long tendency of the human heart to wish for eternal youth. This &#8220;idea&#8221; could have been subsumed under the umbrella of an idea that really is changing the world, namely, the emerging world of biologically engineered humans. Here&#8217;s the idea: We no longer need to patiently submit to the guiding hand of Darwinian natural selection for our evolution as a species. The technology (Genetics, Nano-tech, and Robotics) is now emerging that allows us to direct our own evolution.  For that matter, we can direct the evolution of any species. We are no longer Homo Sapiens. We are Homo Creadorus, Man the Creator.</p>
<h6><a href="http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1884779_1884782_1884760,00.html">Idea # 3 (The New Calvinism)</a></h6>
<p>This idea made me wonder what TIME was thinking about when they created the list. How is a renewal among followers of reformed theology an Idea that is changing the world? The New Calvinism seems more like a desperate attempt to keep the world the same than it does an idea that is changing the world. The article itself tells us that the New Calvinists don&#8217;t operate on the scale of the best selling author and evangelical pastor, Rick Warren. How then can the article claim that this is an idea that is changing the world when it openly states that it isn&#8217;t as influential as others (i.e. Rick Warren) in the same industry? Congrats to the New Calvinists for the notoriety, but TIME has got to be kidding, right?</p>
<p>This is not to say, don&#8217;t read the TIME article. The fact that these two Ideas (Amortality and the New Calvinism) are included suggest that Issues of life, meaning, and spirituality are issues that our culture is negotiating, at least in the view of a major publication. It&#8217;s definitely interesting and worth a quick read if you like this kind of thing. Here are some ideas that are changing the world that TIME should have considered. I&#8217;ll bullet point them today and I will probably extend on these in later posts.</p>
<h2 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #808080;">4 IDEAS THAT ARE CHANGING THE WORLD RIGHT NOW</span></h2>
<h4><strong>(1) The Rise in the Status of Women</strong></h4>
<p>&#8211; In Korea, if a woman gave birth to a daughter she would sometimes apologize. The depreciation of females is not a thing of the past. In fact, female infanticide is an ancient practice that still exists in the world today. But that is changing. Here&#8217;s the idea: girls are of equal value to boys and deserve equal dignity, treatment, and opportunity to pursue personal happiness. This seems &#8220;matter of course&#8221; to many of you, but if you think it is the matter of course around the world and throughout history, it is because you don&#8217;t know the world you live in. This idea is a revolutionary shift in paradigm that is changing the world we live in right now. (I touch on this in my upcoming book, <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Making-World-Human-Again-Religion/dp/0310285143/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;s=books&amp;qid=1239124445&amp;sr=1-1">Making the World Human Again</a>).</p>
<h4>(2)<strong>The Rise of Human Dignity as a Natural Right for All </strong></h4>
<p>&#8211; The eradication of slavery in the west in the last two hundred years and the election of a black American President point to an idea that is changing the world.  Here it is: all people regardless of culture, clan, or color deserve dignity, respect and love. The conversation on race in America for which so many have clamored has, in effect, already been taking place over the last couple of centuries and the good guys are winning. This may feel like a &#8220;duh&#8221; but it isn&#8217;t. We&#8217;re winning but we haven&#8217;t won. Slavery is still a global reality. Depreciation of others based on color, culture, or class still happens. This is a tectonic shift in paradigms that the whole world will need (and want) to get used to. But we must remain vigilant because it may not take much to experience a global reversal for these first two ideas.</p>
<h4>(3) <strong>The Fall of Human Dignity as a Natural Right for All</strong></h4>
<p>&#8211; Yes, I know. This is the exact opposite of idea number 2. While depriving dignity to any kind or class of person is no longer imaginable in much of the world, there is a new world rising. Who will benefit from the emerging technologies that will genetically enhance humans? Who will be left behind? Will those with the economic means separate themselves over time by means of genetic enhancements from the rest of us. Will we create a new underclass of &#8220;organic&#8221; humans who are a different species than a new and more impressive kind of &#8220;electronic&#8221; human? Here&#8217;s the idea: The weakest and most vulnerable among us should share (if they wish) in the benefits of the emerging new species of human we will create. And those who are left behind (by choice) should be protected against the future form of discrimination: speciesism.</p>
<h4>(4)The Decline of the Dollar and American Domination</h4>
<p>&#8211; There is new term floating around China today that we should be aware of. The term is &#8220;leaving the dollar behind.&#8221;  One hundred years ago the British Pound was the world&#8217;s currency. Today it is the American Dollar. Today&#8217;s global economy is on the brink of experiencing a deep shift and the Chinese are floating the idea of creating a &#8220;backup&#8221; currency to the dollar. I have been watching and commenting on the global shift of the world&#8217;s center to the Pacific Rim for twenty years now. The question arises: what will be the global currency by century&#8217;s end? Here&#8217;s the idea: the image of the USA as the sole global power, as the top of the heap, may be eroding. I think the currency at century&#8217;s end will still be the dollar, but Ideas have consequences.</p>
<p><strong>What do you think?</strong></p>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2009 15:10:16 +0000</pubDate>
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